====== Kernel Parameter ======
===== Overview =====

Kernel parameters can be used to change some kernel settings at boot time.
You can change the parameter temporary (only for a single boot) or permanently.

===== Temporary Change =====
These changes are valid only once. If you restart your system, they no longer hold.

  - Reboot
  - Open the grub menu at boot
    - Use "//arrow key up//" or "//arrow key down//" to stop the countdown
    - If the grub menu does not appear, press "//shift//" several times during booting
  - Select the desired kernel entry
  - Press "//e//"
  - Edit the line, which starts with ''linux''. The last words on this line are the kernel parameters.
  - Press "//F10//" to boot

For example:
<code>
menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.5.0-54-generic (Writable)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os {
	recordfail
	gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode
	insmod gzio
	insmod part_msdos
	insmod ext2
	set root='(hd0,msdos1)'
	search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 28adfe9d-c122-479a-ab81-de57d16516dc
	linux	/vmlinuz-3.5.0-54-generic root=/dev/mapper/faramir-root ro  quiet splash
	initrd	/initrd.img-3.5.0-54-generic
}
</code>

<code>
	linux	/vmlinuz-3.5.0-54-generic root=/dev/mapper/faramir-root ro  quiet splash
</code>

The three kernel parameters in this example are ''ro quiet splash''.

===== Change Kernel Parameters permanently =====
  - ''sudo nano /etc/default/grub''
  - Add your parameters to the line:
    * ''GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"'' (this line may contain different kernel parameters)
  - It should look like this:
    * ''GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash yourParameter=1''
  - ''sudo update-grub''
  - reboot the pc


===== Check Kernel Parameters =====
To display the current kernel parameter run:

''cat /proc/cmdline''